Urban lighting active and reactive energy saving technology


In the process of building a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, energy conservation and consumption reduction in urban lighting is not only imperative, but also has great potential to be tapped. At present, it is a more economical and practical way to retrofit the energy-saving renovation of the lighting system in use. The energy-saving technologies used in the application mainly include active and reactive energy-saving technologies.

First, active energy-saving technology

Active energy-saving technologies are roughly divided into three types, namely: thyristor chopper technology, auto-coupled buck regulation technology and microcomputer intelligent control technology.

SCR chopper technology. The principle is to control the conduction angle of the thyristor to cut off a part of the sine wave voltage input to the grid, thereby reducing the average value of the output voltage and achieving the purpose of voltage regulation and power saving. The energy-saving regulating device can accurately control the output voltage in real time for the lighting system, meet the optimal value of the lighting power, and adjust the voltage speed, high precision, real-time adjustment in time-division, voltage regulation, and electronic use The components are relatively light in size and low in cost.

However, this regulation method has fatal flaws. Since the chopping voltage cannot achieve sine wave output, a large number of harmonics will appear, which is extremely harmful to the harmonic pollution of the power grid system, so it should not be used in circuits with capacitance compensation. In particular, the high-power thyristor chopper-type power-saving equipment itself has the drawback of harmonic pollution, which not only shortens the service life of the power capacitor but also increases the copper consumption and iron consumption of the transformer, reduces the actual use capacity of the transformer, and increases the reactive power loss. It wastes electric energy. In severe cases, it also causes overheating of electrical equipment, causing malfunctions or other hazards of electrical equipment such as switches and contactors. At present, in foreign developed countries, electrical equipment that limits harmonic content exceeding the standard has been explicitly incorporated into the network.

Auto-coupled buck regulation technology. The principle is that through an autotransformer movement, according to the input voltage level, different fixed transformer taps are connected, and the grid voltage is reduced by several steps such as 5, 10, 15, and 20V to achieve the purpose of buck power saving. Overcoming the defects of harmonic generation by the thyristor chopper type device and realizing the sine wave output of the voltage. This kind of power-saving facility can only fix the voltage drop, can not be boosted and regulated, and can not achieve automatic and precise control of the voltage. Especially when the grid voltage fluctuates, the output voltage of the regulating device also fluctuates up and down, causing the operating voltage of the lighting facility to be in an unstable state, and the protection effect on the electric light source cannot be achieved. When the grid voltage rises, the power saving rate is not the best state, and when the grid is lowered, the undervoltage phenomenon may occur, causing the light source to fail to light normally, and instead reducing the life of the light source, which is the defect of such a power saving facility.

Microcomputer control technology. The principle is to use microcomputer control technology, the system collects the output and input voltage signals in real time, compares with the optimal illumination voltage, and automatically adjusts by calculation to ensure the optimal output of the lighting system.

Its technical characteristics are: 1. Using microcomputer technology and high reliability software and hardware design to achieve intelligent control process. 2. For the phenomenon of high voltage and fluctuation of power grid, real-time dynamic tracking of online power supply, continuous adjustment of current, regulation and output of optimal lighting voltage and power, realization of stable working voltage, reduction of working current, improvement of power quality, saving of lighting power . 3. Multi-time energy-saving operation. According to the user's actual lighting needs, through the program multi-time energy-saving voltage setting, to meet the user's demand for different light sources, different time, to achieve the best lighting state and maximum power saving rate. 4. Realize the soft start and slow ramp control process of the light source. Due to the use of low-voltage soft start for full preheating, the impact of the starting current can be reduced, and the life of the light source can be effectively improved. In the process of voltage regulation and voltage regulation, the intelligent regulation device adopts the slow ramp mode to make the voltage slowly transition within the set time, ensuring that the light source is not affected by voltage and current, reducing the damage to the electric light source and prolonging the service life. 5. Realize sine wave output, no harmonic pollution to the power grid, strong impact on surge voltage and transient large load. Although the implementation cost of this type of lighting energy-saving technology is slightly higher than the first two, it can achieve intelligent lighting control, effectively protect the electric light source, reduce power consumption, and save energy, so the economy and reliability are far better than the first two. A kind of active energy-saving technology is a mature lighting power-saving technology at home and abroad.

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Yixing Futao Metal Structural Unit Co. Ltd. is com manded of Jiangsu Futao Group.
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