Following the launch of China’s first domestic aircraft carrier, another news about the Chinese navy has become the focus of attention of Chinese and foreign media. Especially caused by the United States. According to the US "National Interests" website, China's first amphibious assault ship 075 will be completed in 2020, and its scale is equivalent to the largest "Wasp" class amphibious assault ship in the United States, which will help China in helicopter use. United States.
The imaginary map of the Chinese 075 amphibious assault ship.
First of all, we define the definition of an aircraft carrier and the definition of an amphibious assault ship, as well as the definition of a helicopter carrier.
First, what is an aircraft carrier?The aircraft carrier, referred to as the "aircraft carrier", is a large surface ship with a carrier-based aircraft as its main weapon, which can provide take-off and landing of the carrier aircraft. The aircraft carrier is one of the largest, most complex and most powerful weapons in the world and a symbol of a country's overall national strength. It usually has a huge flight deck and a ship island, and most of the islands are located on the starboard side. It is generally the core ship of an aircraft carrier battle group, and other warships in the fleet provide protection and supply, while the aircraft carrier provides air cover and long-range strike.
Modern aircraft carriers are usually divided into large aircraft carriers (over 60,000 tons), medium-sized aircraft carriers (30,000-60,000 tons) and small aircraft carriers (below 30,000 tons) according to the size of full-load displacement; they can be divided into nuclear-powered aircraft carriers and conventional power according to the power plant. aircraft carrier.
Up to now, the aircraft carrier has become a symbol of the country's comprehensive national strength. By relying on aircraft carriers, a country can exert military pressure and conduct operations without relying on local airports in places far from its homeland.
Amphibious assault ship (English: Amphibious assault ship), or amphibious assault ship: its amphibious is capable of carrying aircraft and transporting tanks, landing troops and other marine forces, so its internal design is different from the aircraft carrier, a lot of space is used Equipment landing power.
It is a warship that provides air and surface support behind the battle line in amphibious operations in enemy coastal areas. It can provide take-off and landing of carrier aircraft, and is second only to aircraft carriers in the navy.
These warships were developed from helicopter aircraft carriers, but most of them also incorporate the dock deck design of the dock landing ship, which can be used to load landing craft. And compared to most aircraft carriers, many amphibious assault ships can have more intensive self-protection weapons, and do not necessarily need escort fleet protection. Since amphibious assault ships are the second-largest class of modern warships in terms of size and displacement, the amphibious assault ships tend to be the flagship of the fleet for countries that do not have super-carriers or for fleets that do not have aircraft carriers. The United States is also studying the use of the Osprey's early warning aircraft and tanker models with vertical takeoff and landing fighters on amphibious assault ships.
There are four levels, which are lower than the displacement of the aircraft carrier. A small amphibious assault ship such as South Korea’s Dokdo has a full displacement of nearly 20,000 tons. A large-scale amphibious assault ship such as the US LHA(R) has a full displacement of 50,000 tons and is close to a medium-sized aircraft carrier.
What is a helicopter carrier?
Helicopter aircraft carriers are also known as amphibious assault ships. It is an aircraft carrier mainly used for carrying helicopters and vertical take-off and landing fighters, but it is also often classified as an amphibious assault ship or an anti-submarine aircraft carrier, mainly for military missions including anti-submarine warfare and close air support. Its mission may be as an amphibious assault ship or as an anti-submarine. A helicopter carrier may have a common deck similar to a normal ship or a helicopter deck at the rear. Japan and South Korea also have helicopter carriers listed as transport ships, US F35B joint attack fighters or tank landing ships in the 21st century. The helicopter carrier is a ship between the aircraft carrier and the cruiser. The specially designed helicopter carrier includes the French "Saint-Jean", the British "Ocean", the Japanese giant, and the Spanish "Juan." Carlos I."
From the definition of the above three, it is not difficult to see that the helicopter carrier and the amphibious assault ship are actually different names. The two are very similar. And the two are not limited to all helicopters, and they can be equipped with vertical carrier aircraft. For example, the "Izumo" and "Kaga" of Japan are typical helicopter carriers, but in the future they will be equipped with F35B vertical landing stealth five-generation fighters. Therefore, in the above description, we can completely call the amphibious assault ship or helicopter carrier: light aircraft carrier. The reason why it is positioned in the light aircraft carrier is not because the tonnage of the amphibious assault ship is small. For example, the 075 type amphibious assault ship being built in China is much larger than the carrier of some western countries, but because the amphibious assault ship is more Function, its own powerful defense and attack weapon system, small-scale aircraft carrier function, outstanding land landing combat function. Therefore, such a full-featured warship, at the carrier level, realizes a small-scale aircraft carrier function, so it is called a light aircraft carrier.
Then we continue to analyze why the United States attaches great importance to the 075 amphibious assault ship. And it is not too cold for our aircraft carrier to launch. The reason is very simple. I have said in the article I wrote earlier that although we have already had two aircraft carriers, the third one has already started, but in terms of its current stage of aircraft carrier development, it is still different from the stage of development of the US aircraft carrier. A big cut. For example, our aircraft carrier is compared with the US Ford super aircraft carrier: 1. The tonnage difference is a large section, 2, without the catapult, the people are already electromagnetic ejection; 3, no catapult means that there is no large anti-submarine aircraft on our aircraft carrier. There are people. 4. At present, there are no five-generation carrier aircraft on the aircraft carrier. 5, people have been playing the aircraft carrier for more than 100 years, we are just getting started. 6, people's carrier aircraft pilots are much more than us. Waiting for various factors and other factors caused the United States to pay attention to the Chinese aircraft carrier that has just started, but because it is still a lot behind, it is not too cold. But for the 075 amphibious assault ship, the United States is very concerned, because China has come up with a super battleship that is at least equal to him. Just as the United States pays attention to the 055 super-driver in China, it pays attention to the 075 amphibious assault ship.
So let's talk about it below. Why is the 075 amphibious assault ship so concerned?
1, first of all, the warship's tonnage is large, and the American wasp-class amphibious assault ship is a level. And the advanced level is more advanced. Weapon systems and information systems are the latecomers.
2, from the analysis of local war scenes, the amphibious assault ship, that is, I always call him the light carrier 075, in China's offshore, especially in the shock of Taiwan independence, regaining Taiwan, watching the South China Sea, 075 has more than Liaoning, Shandong The aircraft carrier is more practical.
The aircraft carrier, of course, has an irreplaceable role, but that means that in the future we will be the same level as the US super carrier. From the perspective of the current domestic aircraft carrier, in the home, not to go far, is to achieve our strategic mission in the three strategic directions of the East China Sea, Taiwan Strait and South China Sea, 075 has more flexible practicality. It has strong self-protection ability and at the same time has the function of aircraft carrier. It has various carrier-based aircraft, and it has super-strong ground attack capability, landing combat capability and long-range force delivery capability, which are beyond the reach of the aircraft carrier. Therefore, at the door of our house, under the conditions of active cooperation on the land and the coordinated operation of the five major services, 075 is sufficient and very useful.
The above statement is not intended to express the uselessness of the Liaoning carrier. However, we all know that if you want to build a more advanced super aircraft carrier, it needs to be step by step, and the meal should be eaten bit by bit. Although the Liaoning number has combat power, its role in the eyes is the function of the aircraft carrier university, which is to be the cradle for the training of the supporting personnel required by the aircraft carrier. In the future, as our national strength continues to increase at a high speed, when our super aircraft carrier comes out, the 075 amphibious assault ship and the 055 super big drive will become one of the super carrier battle groups. In front of what we said, this big guy is also a 075 amphibious assault ship in a sense, especially in our offshore defense category, the practicality of 075 is too high.
It is understood that in several local wars after the Cold War, amphibious assault ships played a significant role in frontier deployment, large-scale and integrated construction, loading and transporting troops and equipment to combat sea areas, and implementing landing operations.
China's navy has four 071-type amphibious dock landing ships: Kunlun Mountain Ship, Jinggang Mountain Ship, Changbai Mountain Ship and Yimeng Mountain Ship. It is similar in concept to the US San Antonio-class shipyard, with a displacement of about 20,000 tons and can transport seven or eight. The 100-member Marine Corps and the corresponding equipment and landing vehicles, including air-cushion landing craft, 20 armored vehicles and 4 helicopters. In other words, the 071 positioning is mainly shipyard transportation, and the helicopter's vertical take-off and landing capability is very limited.
China's 075-type amphibious assault ship is about 250 meters long and 30 meters wide. It has a straight-through deck and can carry 30 helicopters. It can take off four helicopters at the same time. It will also have a spacious docking bay for all types of landing vehicles and amphibious vehicles, which will significantly enhance the ability of the Chinese navy to project.
The displacement of the amphibious assault ship is also larger than that of the dock landing ship. The displacement of amphibious assault ships in the United States is more than 40,000 tons. The displacement of amphibious assault ships built in other countries is about 20,000 tons. The displacement of China's 071-class shipyards is about 20,000 tons. The 075-type amphibious assault ship under construction is fully loaded. The displacement is about 40,000 tons, surpassing the amphibious assault ships of France, Japan and Australia, second only to the United States. The 075-type amphibious assault ship under construction is comparable in size to the largest "Wasp" class amphibious assault ship in the United States, which will help the Chinese Navy to match the United States in the use of helicopters.
Based on the above advantages, the amphibious attack ship can undertake more diversified combat tasks, especially the vertical attack and landing capability is greatly improved compared to the dock landing ship. The amphibious assault ship plays a greater role than the dock landing ship in performing operations such as island reefs. In addition, this type of ship can also cooperate with aircraft carrier formation and play an important role in the battle of the sea. Moreover, such a super warship is almost at the same level as the United States. This is why the United States can no longer sit still, and can no longer maintain the gentlemanly manner, and immediately stood up and took care of it. As the country's national strength goes strong, we will soon usher in our era of super aircraft carriers. That is something that we deserve more, and we are very proud of the rapid changes in our country!
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