According to foreign media reports, although the development of autonomous driving technology is in full swing, the American people still have concerns about the technology. Several previous investigations have shown this. In addition, the earlier accidents of autonomous vehicles made users worry about the safety and reliability of the technology. So, for those skeptical members of the public, how can they persuade them to drive autonomous vehicles on the road as soon as possible? In short, add more road tests for autonomous driving. This article will conduct a cut-in analysis from three aspects: data, accidents, and legislation, and talk about the status quo and existing problems of autonomous driving. See below for details.
Autonomous driving road test data
Autonomous vehicles are usually equipped with three types of sensors: lidar for distance measurement, color cameras and radar devices. The on-board computer integrates the three types of data streams, and then uses artificial intelligence technology to provide in-depth insights. The goal is to enable autonomous driving vehicle systems to distinguish pedestrians from cyclists, intersections and roundabouts, dogs and children, and achieve hundreds of other targets, road types, and driving styles.
To this end, Waymo has launched its autonomous driving simulation platform Carcraft. Within a set period of time, 25,000 autonomous virtual vehicles have carried out digital road tests. The road conditions in the simulator are similar to those in Phoenix, Mountain View, Austin, etc. The real road conditions of the city are the same, which also includes a simulated race road test. Up to now, the simulation test mileage of Waymo's fleet has exceeded 5 billion miles.
But this is just the beginning, and the level of self-driving vehicles that some researchers believe is still far behind. The RAND Corporation of the United States predicts that only when the cruising range reaches 11 billion miles, they will be able to make safety judgments with reliable data. In comparison, there are currently 20 companies carrying out road tests for autonomous driving in California, but the number of test mileage registered in the last two years has only exceeded 1 million miles.
As of July this year, Waymo’s field test mileage reached 8 million miles, but according to its report released in February this year, its self-driving road test vehicles will have a disengagement every 5600 miles. )". In other words, if someone’s commute distance (calculated as 5 working days a week) is 10 miles (one way), such a person always drives the same self-driving vehicle, he needs to intervene almost every other year or so to deal with the “disengagement†situation .
GM's unmanned driving division-Cruise, whose test mileage reached 131,000 miles in 2018, managed to increase the "disengagement" of autonomous driving from once every 35 miles to once every 1250 miles. The performance of other companies is even worse, basically every 160 miles, a "disengagement" occurs.
accident
Companies in the industry can't wait to bring self-driving cars to the market, which has now caused many tragedies.
In March of this year, Tesla Model X hit a concrete barrier with Autopilot enabled, causing the death of a former Apple employee. In May of this year, Uber's self-driving test vehicle Volvo XC90 killed a pedestrian in Tempe, Arizona.
In a later investigation, Uber claimed that Volvo's built-in collision system was disabled, causing the accident. Tesla accused the victim of ignoring the warning message of the premise. But there is at least one accident that cannot be separated from the system failure of the autonomous vehicle. In May 2016, Model S crashed into a truck in Florida. The National Highway Traffic Safety Commission (NaTIonal Highway Traffic Safety AdministraTIon) stated that the environment in which the collision occurred is beyond the capabilities of the Autopilot system.
Even some basic assistive technologies have been proven unreliable. In August of this year, the Insurance InsTItute for Highway Safety issued a warning in a report that Tesla, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Volvo's automatic braking, adaptive cruise, and active lanes The navigation system will make mistakes, and if no one is involved in the operation, it may lead to fatal accidents. The faults found so far include: deviation from the lane, collision of the vehicle with a static target within the detection range of the sensor, and unexpected deceleration.
legislation
The Governors Highway Safety Association (The Governors Highway Safety AssociaTIon) recently released a report. The author is Dr. Jim Hedlund, a former NHTSA executive. He listed the automakers, start-ups, and original equipment manufacturers in the realization of large quantities of autonomous vehicles. Various problems that need to be solved before going on the road.
The report recommends that states should encourage “responsible†to carry out autonomous driving road tests and vehicle deployments, so as to “protecting public safetyâ€, and that legislatures should “review all traffic laws and regulations (review). all traffic laws)†and amend relevant provisions as soon as possible to provide adaptive regulatory requirements for autonomous driving road tests.
Currently, 21 states in the United States have issued enforcement orders related to autonomous driving regulations. Unfortunately, there are differences in the laws and regulations of each state, and the contents of the laws are inconsistent with each other.
In the short term, the only thing that is feasible is to achieve self-management in the industry. Companies in the industry should abide by industry practices as an alternative to government intervention. The public put pressure on the industry to not deploy unsafe autonomous driving systems. No one wants to make a vehicle that will harm users, but the safety of autonomous driving technology is really not easy to control.
Waymo plans to pilot self-driving car services by the end of this year, and Cruise said it plans to provide self-driving taxi services in San Francisco in 2019. Drive.ai, NuTonomy and Optimus Ride plan to deploy their driverless prototypes in San Francisco, Texas and Boston, respectively.
In view of the many challenges that self-driving vehicles have to face, the public's trust in self-driving technology is not reliable.
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